KARADENİZ’E YÖNELİK RUS GENİŞLEMESİ VE COĞRAFİ HARİTACILIĞIN ETKİSİ: CORNELİUS CRUYS’UN 1699 YILINDA HAZIRLADIĞI “DON NEHRİ ATLASI” ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
RUSSIAN EXPANSION TO THE BLACK SEA AND THE IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHICAL CARTOGRAPHY: AN EVALUATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CORNELIUS CRUYS' "ATLAS OF THE DON RIVER" OF 1699

Summary/Abstract: Russia's southward expansion in the late 17th century had a profound impact on its strategic rivalry with the Ottoman Empire, marking the advent of a new era in relations between the two states. During this period, Russia's expansionist policies towards the Black Sea served to enhance the significance of cartography the territory Ottoman Empire. The maps were employed to extend Russia's regional sphere of influence and reinforce its military strategy in border regions. In particular, since the reign of Peter I, the necessity for mapping the region has increased in line with Russia's Black Sea objectives, and cartography has developed rapidly in response. In accordance with this requirement, the "Atlas of the Don River" was compiled in 1699 by Cornelius Cruys, who was recruited into the Russian service from the shipyards in the Netherlands. This atlas is of significant importance in demonstrating the manner in which Russia developed its naval and cartographic capacity and increased its access to strategic points within the Ottoman borders. Furthermore, this atlas offers historical insights into the political, social, and cultural structures of the Don River basin. The aim of this article is to elucidate the influence of cartography on military and strategic planning, with a view to enhancing comprehension of Russia's expansionist policies towards the Black Sea.

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