Марксизмът и идеологията на българския преход към демократичен капитализъм
Marxism and the Ideology of the Bulgarian Transition towards Democratic Capitalism

Summary/Abstract: The article contains reflections on the main reason for the deep crisis of the Bulgarian society at present. This is the mistaken ideology of the transition. It is examined in two aspects: as a general ideological platform and as a specific understanding of the “engineers” of the transition about privatization, morality and patriotism. The general ideological platform of the transition is Marx's economic determinism. Three arguments are set forth in the article against this initial dogma: 1) that this understanding has a limited explanatory potential; 2) that it ignores the idea of the need for harmony between the social structure and the people's mentality; 3) that it supports the main fallacy of the transition, according to which the replacement of public property with private property shall automatically turn the Bulgarian society into a capitalist one. The author believes that, strictly speaking, the current Bulgarian society is quasi-capitalist. It has one main defect – the lack of the effective normative (moral and legal) regulation of human behavior, a regulation which is characteristic of capitalism. A special place in the article is devoted to the moral dimensions of the transition. They are considered in two aspects: 1) as a moral evaluation of the results of the transition; 2) as moral principles proclaimed by the ideologues of the transition. Here special attention is devoted to the authentic views of Karl Marx on morality and patriotism, the moral doctrine of real socialism and the collision of this doctrine with the “official” morality of the transition. The conclusion has been suggested by Stoyan Mihailovski - that the current Bulgarian crisis is the result of the ideology tremors that Bulgaria experienced during the 20th century.

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