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SECURITATEA CIBERNETICĂ A INFRASTRUCTURILOR CRITICE ÎNTR-O LUME DIN CE ÎN CE MAI CONECTATĂ

Author(s): Vasile Florin Popescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2019

In an increasingly connected world, critical infrastructures have become more vulnerable than ever to cyber security threats, whether they come from national states, criminal organizations or individuals. This new vulnerability stems from fundamental changes in the technological systems of organizations (government and private). In this regard, the Virtual Critical Infrastructure of any organization / nation represents an arena where security is absolutely imperative. Cyber protection has become crucial in every sector of activity, and the absence of measures to protect critical infrastructures threatens to cause huge damage to the functioning of the company.

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FORME DE MANIFESTARE A TERORISMULUI CIBERNETIC

Author(s): Sorin Topor / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2019

Cyber attacks are now becoming more and more complex, more frequent and with increasing destructive effects. Regardless of the type or value of an organization, it affects information of public and private infrastructures.In this context, the terrorism aims to execute actions, driven only once or in series, motivating as resistance to political, economic or social changes and producing global information effects. It is well known the development of terrorism is favored by the development of information technology. Last but not least, the social factor and the arms proliferation determine the adapt of objective aspect of terrorism, often the modeling of terrorist ideology based on issues of population discontent with the ease of acquisition of weapons, munitions and destructive materials through various forms of trade.In this work we propose to determine the content of the concept of cyber terrorism, starting from the analysis of the main factors of public insecurity and social disorder that facilitate the development of modern forms of terrorism. In this order we propose to underline the base aspects to understand the ways of its application.

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CONSIDERAȚII ACTUALE DESPRE INSURGENȚĂ ȘI CONTRAINSURGENȚĂ ÎN AFGANISTAN

Author(s): Traian Maghercă,Ion Bălăceanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2019

Currently, the insurgency as a fact is most present in the country that seems to live in an endless conflict - Afghanistan. Insurgent groups are very active in this area of the world, and nothing seems to stop them. As a natural reaction to this phenomenon, the Afghan authorities are responding with actions that fall more or less in the counterinsurgency category. At the level of the international military coalition that acts in support of the Afghan security forces, were mentioned the main causes that contribute to the perpetuation of this conflict.From the latest analysis, Western specialists say the main cause of the failure of counterinsurgency action is the support given to insurgent groups by Afghanistan’s neighbors by providing those safe areas within their territory where members of the organizations are sheltering the actions taken by the Afghan security forces.

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ANALIZĂ COMPARATIVĂ PRIVIND MANAGEMENTUL STRUCTURILOR DE LUPTĂ ȘI LOGISTICE DE NIVEL TACTIC

Author(s): Nicolae Nicoară,Gabriela-Florina Nicoară / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2019

In our days, significant problems and difficulties can be seen in human resources domain. They induce major restrictions in leading the tactical logistical structures. The lack of personnel, the need of carrying out multiple jobs, the technology development, and also the multiple rules changes which are taken in the financial domain, human resources and logistics make the decision process a difficult one. From all sides, if you want to be capable to work in an organization you have to master the management theory, to be able to use different methods of motivating employees, and also to have considerable speciality knowledge. We consider that as a logistical leader you should never stop learning and improving your skills. Getting the first rank and becoming a logistical officer are just the first steps in personal development.

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APLICAȚII ALE SISTEMELOR FĂRĂ PILOT UMAN LA BORD ÎN LOGISTICA MILITARĂ

Author(s): Grigore Eduard Jeler,Gelu Alexandrescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2019

In the changing conditions of the operational environment and facing the new security environment which is the most complex and the most ambiguous, the nature and the size of threats at the address of security changed a lot. In the current conflicts, the emergence of autonomous systems represented an opportunity but also a challenge for the armed forces, offering on the battlefield a number of advantages such as increasing the force, speed, response of reaction, precise coordination but also disadvantages such as lack of motivation and flexibility of human intelligence. The challenge is determining the proper balance between man and machine. Currently autonomous systems are already capable of eliminating the human presence in solving many tasks performed by the military and have the ability to improve over time. The purpose of this article is to analyze both existing and potential uses of autonomous systems in military logistics, focusing on the advantages and risks for military organizations and operations.

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ASPECTE ALE ÎNTREBUINŢĂRII SENZORILOR PASIVI ÎN MISIUNI DE SUPRAVEGHERE AERIANĂ

Author(s): Pătru Pîrjol,Ana Maria Chisega Negrila / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01/2020

Passive remote sensing is used to obtain information on objects and phenomena at land surface in order to get their well-defined objective image by means of special and temporal coordinates. Observing land surface represents an on-going activity for the scientific community which is directed towards the understanding of processes and phenomena on our planet as well as towards the monitoring of the impact of natural or human activity on the environment. Passive sensors have technical parameters that help them detect the phenomena and changes on land surface, ensuring the necessary data for the mapping and monitoring of biophysical and geological characteristics of the surface in order to understand the impact of human activity on ecosystems. The military use of passive sensors is to create detailed maps of areas under surveillance, including the urban ones, to detect early threats, and to ensure the information support for the planning process as well as for the coordination and execution of precise strikes on objectives.

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IMPACTUL TEHNOLOGIC AL VEHICULELOR SUBACVATICE AUTONOME ASUPRA CUNOAȘTERII SPAȚIULUI DE LUPTĂ

Author(s): Daniel-Cornel Tanasescu,Ion Chiorcea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01/2020

The domain of underwater space has represented for a long time a challenging environment for the implementation of technologies for discovering threats represented by submarines. Passive hydrolocation equipment on board warships have historically been confronted with technological limitations caused by the low acoustic footprint of submarine targets but also by a high threshold of false positive alerts due to industrial activities in coastal areas. In addition, the technological constraints and the high costs imposed by the fixed positioning of the active or passive detection sensors allowed the submarines to have a wide variety of operating spaces for insidious maneuvering. These new discovery capabilities, combined with intell information processing systems and programs to support decision making will have a significant impact on understanding the operational-strategic situation in the underwater combat environment.

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FACTORI ESENŢIALI CARE INFLUENŢEAZĂ APLICAREA CONCEPTULUI DE INTERZICERE A MĂRII

Author(s): Valentin – Marian TOMA / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01/2020

The modalities of applying the concept of sea denial are of high complexity due to the diversity and intensity of the naval tactical actions în the fighting environments on the surface of the water, under the surface of the water and aerial. If denial of certain maritime space for the enemy fails to succeed, there is the possibility that the enemy will project his force on the shore and destroy the economic and military objectives. The need to prohibit a certain maritime space for the enemy arises when the control of the sea cannot be achieved or lost în that maritime space. As a rule, sea denial is intended to be carried out near its own coast în order to thwart the enemy’s efforts to attempt an amphibious landing or to interrupt the maritime communications routes. The main factors influencing the application of the concept of sea denial are the space, time, forces and means available, the technological development and the degree of instruction of the crews. în the application of the concept of sea denial în addition to the naval forces, the air forces and the ground forces play a particularly important role. The joint characteristic of the combat actions requires a concept of unitary action, most likely, prepared from the time of peace or during the crisis development.

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INDICATORI DE EVALUARE A GRADULUI DE ÎNDEPLINIRE A UNEI MISIUNI DE RIPOSTĂ ANTIAERIAN

Author(s): Florin Stafi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

The complexity of the military actions related to the antiaircraft response, the complete and in-depth knowledge of the systems’ state implies, among others, a permanent measurement of the planned actions progress. Permanent changes, a priori accepted, can decisively influence the guidelines and conditions for carrying out a plan of operation, deviating it practically from the commander’s intention. In order to maintain the initial design, but also to recognize the inherent turning points, it is necessary to establish relevant evaluation indicators starting from the action planning stage, which offer actionable sustainable decision alternatives. The accomplishment evaluation of the anti-aircraft fire system’s mission cannot and should not be represented only by (pre)determined figures; it must treat, subjectively and objectively, the state of the system, while also providing irrefutable evidence of meeting the stated objectives.

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IMPLICAȚIILE PANDEMIEI PROVOCATĂ DE COVID-19 ASUPRA POLITICII NATO

Author(s): Petre-Răzvan Enache,Nistor Andrei / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

The COVID-19 pandemic brought to the fore some divergent ideas that are added to the list of those already existing within NATO. Pivoting the Alliance’s efforts to fight the new coronavirus (and future outbreaks) requires a different set of military capabilities. The pandemic could further contribute to a shift in NATO’s strategic geography from an east-west to a north-south axis and, at the same time, shift the focus on military spending and defense preparation away from the eastern border to the Mediterranean. We are also dealing with an amplification of the Russian propaganda campaign whose target audience seems to be the population of southern and western Europe and which could call into question the value of an alliance that is not effective in the response to the crisis created by the new virus. It makes the London agenda obsolete and the Allies find the most appropriate answers and topics for discussion at the next summit in October in Beverly Hills, California, USA.

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ÎNȚELEGEREA SITUAȚIEI OPERAȚIONALE – VARIABILELE MEDIULUI DE OPERARE ȘI INFLUENȚELE DIRECTE ȘI POTENȚIALE DINTRE ACESTEA

Author(s): Dumitru Georgescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

Conflicts between different state or non-state actors that pursue their own interests are a constant of the geopolitical regional and global environment. In this context, the military instrument of national power is more relevant than ever. The common denominator of coherent development and effective application of this instrument is the understanding of the operational environment and of the complex dynamic and volatile situations of the areas of interest. The operational variables represent a conceptual tool used to achieve it. Understanding the connections between these variables – direct or potential – facilitates the application of the military instrument of power in creative and effective way

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INIȚIATIVE ECONOMICE CARE MODELEAZĂ LOGISTICA MILITARĂ

Author(s): Daniela-Elena Hrab / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

In the context of an enhanced competition and of the need to reach the highest objective represented by obtaining the competitive advantage, the following initiatives appeared gradually into the production sector and were implemented into the military scope, in order to gain superiority over possible opponents and to successfully accomplish the missions: Lean Logistics, Procurement Logistics, Distribution Logistics, Six Sigma Logistics, Green Logistics, Emergency/Humanitarian Logistics, Global Logistics, Reverse Logistics and Digital Logistics. Two of these captured my attention considering the effects produced in military logistics of our times, which will continue to generate changes into the future.

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ABORDAREA INTEGRATĂ – CONSIDERAȚII, POTENȚIAL, LIMITĂRI

Author(s): Dumitru Georgescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

The current security environment is characterized by complex challenges. The emergence of hybrid threats has determined an increase in the complexity and ambiguity of the operational environment. In order to cope with these security challenges, it is necessary to synchronize the application of the instruments of power. Therefore, it is imperative to conceptualize and operationalize an integrated approach. Solving of the wicked problem of hybrid threats can be facilitated by an integrated approach.

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DIMENSIUNEA INFORMAȚIONALĂ A CÂMPULUI DE LUPTĂ MODERN

Author(s): Petre-Răzvan Enache / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

The current security environment is characterized by complexity and dynamism, being influenced by multiple challenges. The proliferation and diversification of informational systems in the context of the technical technological revolution involves more care and the emergence of different parts of actions that are present in the areas of a military, especially to see and make an appearance where we have more complex types of threats to the contemporary security environment. The new technologies of the information revolution regarding the main transfers, able to determine the increase of the efficiency of the military efficiency and the achievement of the surprises in the combat space. A major concern of military structures in terms of operations, regardless of their existence, is very important for the care of information creates the necessary conditions for success on the battlefield, avoiding opportunities, losses of any kind. The new one addresses active information, developed to ensure the correct asymmetric advantage in the context of any challenge.

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SIMPLIFICAREA, EFECT AL GÂNDIRII CRITICE, ÎN CONTEXTUL TRANSFORMĂRII ȘI AL PROVOCĂRILOR CONTINUE ALE SISTEMULUI APĂRĂRII NAȚIONALE

Author(s): Carmen-Gabriela Nițu (Chitafes) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

The general aspects of the transformation, as well as the continuous challenges, generated by the dynamic evolution of the national defence system, represent the thematic context, meant to substantiate and to particularize this article. Moreover, our analysis focuses on multiple perspectives specific to the transformation of the national defence system, as well as the way in which the Romanian Army goes through this period of renewal, meant to preserve its viability and give it recognition as an army corresponding to the Euro-Atlantic security environment. Also, starting from the idea of simplification, as an effect of critical thinking, we will formulate and present a new vision on the importance of critical thinking as the root of the decision-making process.In this context, the purpose of our scientific approach is to present the concept of critical thinking, by appealing to a number of its definitions, found in the specialty literature, and to emphasize a strategic advantage offered by it, namely that, whenever we want to understand a factual situation or to undertake a complex, difficult action, we must approach it with simplicity, but also with a critical, innovative spirit.

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ARMY COMBAT FITNESS TEST (ACFT)

Author(s): George-Florin Băiţan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2020

Servicemen’s capabilities and skills represent the basis of the increasing professional level required to plan and carry out military actions within a multinutional framework, under various circumstances pertaining to geopolitics, relief and climate, tradition and civilization. The overall vision of an army must be centered on servicemen’s mental and physical training that could be, at a certain moment, the key to success on any military operation they conduct.Servicemen deploying on NATO missions have to cope with a complex, lethal, competitive, dynamic operational environment, which has evolved over the past years, with the opponents resorting to a combination of asymmetric hybrid conventional and unconventional strategies. Thus, servicemen’s physical training programs need constant improvement in order to keep up with the requirements consistent with modern warfare. Moreover, the regular assessment aimed at checking the military personnel’s physical fitness must evolve accordingly to validate their combat readines.

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ASPECTE ALE ÎNTREBUINŢĂRII SENZORILOR RADAR ACTIVI ÎN MISIUNI DE SUPRAVEGHERE

Author(s): Pătru Pîrjol / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2020

Recent military conflicts have highlighted the importance of understanding the battlefield in order to maintain the initiative of organic forces while conducting combat operations. Active sensors placed on space and airborne platforms ensure ground surveillance and provide information for drafting the real images of the areas under surveillance. Information from active sensors represents the support for the decision-making processes and combat actions for all forces so that the enemy will be neutralized.Active sensors are used by civilian actors to understand the processes and the natural phenomena on our planet, to determine their impact on human society, to identify and monitor the natural and manmade changes on the environment as well as to monitor the impact of human activity on the environment.

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CONFIGURAREA GRUPURILOR DE LUPTĂ BLINDATE ÎN CADRUL FORȚELOR TERESTRE

Author(s): Florin-Ioan Cioancă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2020

The configuration of military forces in the land forces, especially battlegroups, is a solution for using only those components and microstructures of a military force, at a tactical level, can be successful in military operations with minimal costs and losses. In modern military operations is a need to use combat groups that have, as a result of their configuration, a military structure with mobility, firepower and high protection. These conditions can be met by armored on wheels or tracks, not necessarily tanks, organized in armored battlegroups. The configuration of armored battlegroups in the land forces must respect the principles of the use of military forces in military operations.

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OPORTUNITATEA FOLOSIRII VEHICULELOR SUBACVATICE PILOTATE DE LA DISTANȚĂ, ÎN SPRIJINUL ACȚIUNILOR NAVALE

Author(s): Lucian Valeriu SCIPANOV,Denis Dolceanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2020

There is an international trend for the development and research programs in order to provide fleets with modern combat systems. Remotely piloted underwater vehicles are an ability that occupies an important place in the concerns of the naval forces, so they have experienced an evolutionary stage with a great technological advance compared to other classic combat systems. Although a large-scale military action is considered unlikely, there are general concerns about minimizing risks on the battlefield, in order to avoid the loss of human lives, so a handy option was to capitalize on the technological advance we are witnessing leaving dangerous and routine tasks to robots. Anticipating a future widespread use of unmanned systems, this article is a plea for the use of remotely piloted vehicles for missions in the underwater environment, an environment hostile to human life but permissive to specialized vectors. The novelty of this article is that it presents some tactical advantages that a naval force can benefit in the future given by using robots and autonomous systems that influence underwater and surface operations.

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TERORISMUL PE TIMPUL PANDEMIEI DE COVID-19. EVOLUȚII ȘI PREVIZIUNI

Author(s): Costica Voicu,Ion Gane / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2020

In the run-up to the Covid-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a significant number of conferences, articles and opinions that have revolved around the same topic – RESILIENCE. Undoubtedly, a valid topic of discussion, but which lacked the current pandemic –- Covid-19. The complex world we live in is facing a new thorny issue, consisting of a mixture of terrorist threats from ISIS and other terrorist organizations, to which has been added the worldwide virus -– SARS-CoV 2 –, and which triggered the pandemic, which spread rapidly and with a major negative impact on the economies, finances and serious humanitarian problems of those in need. These threats have severely affected the security climate in various parts of the world, affecting all states, territories and the most vulnerable people.The question is whether the world is ready to live in the new conditions. Do Europe and the rest of the world have a clear roadmap to respond to the new situation? The current situation has become a unique test to verify the unity of the EU and NATO, their capacity and readiness to return to the forefront of terrorism.

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