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Obraz Krakowa w języku poetyckim Wincentego Byrskiego

Author(s): Marceli Olma / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2019

The material basis of the paper is an unpublished collection of 47 sonnets by Wincenty Byrski, a poet from Podbeskidzie region. The author of the study discusses the language level of the poems (mainly lexis) in order to reconstruct the picture of Cracow preserved in the texts. According to the analysis, the poet used vocabulary and morphological forms which were known in the Polish language in previous centuries, as well as pompous lexis. Description of architectonic objects and other urban landscape elements was accompanied by their evaluation, which reflected historiosophy and the system of moral values, preferred

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Współczesny potencjał frazeologizmu motywowanego mitem Feniksa

Author(s): Magdalena Puda-Blokesz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2019

The article aims to present whether and how the phraseme to be reborn || rise (like a Phoenix / phoenix) from the ashes exists today in various texts of culture (recorded after 2000 in the National Corpus of Polish, drawn from the web and elsewhere), how it is present in various registers of communication and whether this petrified lexical unit is undergoing any changes. The analysis is preceded by a cultural introduction into understanding the symbolic power of Phoenix hidden in the phrase, as well as the insights into the systemic (lexicographic) state of the expression and the attempt to establish its source and the approximate time in which it was created.

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MEANINGS AND USE OF THE WORD "THANK YOU" IN ROMANIAN

Author(s): Larisa Ileana Casangiu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

The word „Thank you” has got lots of Romanian meanings and uses beyond gratitude (the most known significance). There are no formal similarities among the equivalents of the word ”Thank you”[Mulţumesc] in other languages. Although it is usually positively valued, this word also has neutral and even negative / pejorative meanings. Apart from these meanings we identify in the communication, we specify phrases and contexts that could give this Romanian specific to this word. At the same time, we try to offer a holistic perspective on the frequent use of this word in the speaking.

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FIGEMENT ET AFFRANCHISSEMENT DANS LE CAS DES SYNTAGMES DU TYPE ADJ1 DE COULEUR + DE + ADJ2 DE COULEUR

Author(s): Daniela Bordea / Language(s): French Issue: 25/2021

This paper focuses on phrases of type Adj1 + de + Adj2 where Adj1 and Adj2 are colour denoting adjectives. The combination Adj1 + de + Adj2 is analyzed from the point of view of blocking and its adjectival or nominal role.

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PHRASEOLOGICAL SYNONYMY IN ROMANIAN

Author(s): Mariana Pavel / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 27/2021

Over the years, some linguists have studied phraseological synonyms, but these synonyms have often been called figurative synonyms, periphrastic synonyms, synonyms or figurative periphrastic synonyms. However, the scope of the concept of periphrasis is much wider than that of the term phraseological unit. Dictionaries of linguistic terms do not refer to phraseological synonyms; they are either recorded only exceptionally or otherwise. Phraseological synonyms can cover stable phrases, simple or developed sentences, and even whole sentences. It can be stated that two or more phraseological units are synonymous if they have the same or close meaning. No matter how different their form may be, a synonymous relationship can be established between them if they have the same referent, and from a grammatical point of view they have the same function. In order to determine whether there is a synonymous relationship between two or more lexical combinations, the substitution test is also relevant in this case. An interesting problem in Romanian linguistics regarding phraseological synonymy is the delimitation of phraseological synonyms from phraseological variants. In solving this controversial problem, we must take into account an extremely important extralinguistic criterion - frequency, but also the age or entries in dictionaries.

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THE WORD “HEART” AS IT APPEARS IN VARIOUS PHRASEOLOGICAL AND IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS

Author(s): Corina Mihaela Geană / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2022

When it comes to the semantic field of a word, one may encounter a number of problems, especially in translation. Words have multiple meanings and are often hard to translate. That’s why, in our article, we have tried to focus on the semantic field of the word heart, by the medium of different phraseological expressions, verbal collocations, derivatives or compounds, idioms, slang words and proverbs. The survey refers to the linguistic categories mentioned above, by arranging the words or phrases in alphabetical order, so that they could be easily followed and understood.

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Kim jest nauczyciel? Językowo-kulturowy obraz pedagoga widziany oczami uczniów

Author(s): Monika Kubiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2021

The article presents the cultural - linguistic image of a teacher. To make an investigation of this phenomena, the ethnolinguistic system S-A-T has been used. This system, created by Jerzy Bartmiński, is one of the foremost instruments to collect research resources. The S-A-T triad was built from three components: (S) – dictionary data, (A) – survey data and (T) – selected texts from culture. In the beginning, the teacher lexeme will be shown in terms of philosophy, history, pedagogy and didactics. Then, the information collected from data acquired from several dictionaries: etymological, Polish, phraseological and synonyms dictionary will be presented before the survey”s evaluation placed in the end of the article. Students were obligated to give answers for questions related to broadly defined topic of teaching in the context of teacher as a person with synonymous and idiomatic expressions associated with. Next, respondents had to explain who, to their minds, the teacher is. Further questions referred to features of a perfect pedagogue (in primary and secondary school student”s eyes) and justice at school. They were also asked for giving some writings (from literature, cinema and music), where the character of a good teacher can be found.

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Zwrot "wierzgać przeciw ościeniowi" – od genezy do słownika

Author(s): Stanisław Koziara / Language(s): Polish Issue: 39/2022

The phrase wierzgać przeciw ościeniowi – from origin to dictionary The paper provides a proposal of a monographic description of a selected linguistic unit in the Polish language, namely the phrase "wierzgać przeciw ościeniowi", which so far has been commonly perceived as belonging to the resources of Polish biblisms. The work is divided into two parts. The first section is devoted to a rather peculiar genetic status of the phrase, previous description of the unit, its textual realisations in biblical and general Polish language, as well as the state of native lexicographic records. The second part contains synthetically approached data from the first part in the form of a trial dictionary entry of the phrase "wierzgać przeciw ościeniowi", as the ‘trailer’ of multicontextual lexicon of Polish biblisms, combining the elements of philological, biblical and cultural knowledge into a whole.

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GRIGORE BRÂNCUŞ (1929-2022)

Author(s): Emil Lafe / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

In memoriam to Grigore Brâncuş (1929–2022)

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Mathematical Verbs in Polish and English Phraseology: a Comparative Study

Author(s): Małgorzata Karczewska / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2022

The use of mathematical vocabulary in phraseology is a topic of numerous papers as numbers indicate not only quantity but may also have a cultural connotation. In the paper, Polish and English phraseological units with the verbs indicating basic mathematical operations are analysed. The study shows the common phraseological expressions containing these verbs in Polish and English and if there is equivalence between the languages in question.

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О составе фраземики русских островных говоров Юга Украины

Author(s): Natalia Arefieva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2023

Phrasemics of Russian insular dialects of the South of Ukraine, primarily of the Odessa region, is heterogeneous in composition, a unique linguistic and cultural layer, the basis of which is made up of common phrasemes, their regional variants, proper dialect phrasemes, as well as inter-dialect ones, which is due to multicultural and multilingual contacts of Russian dialects carriers. A significant part is occupied by phrasemes, inherited from the Southern Russian dialects of mothers – Kursk, Oryol, Don and Voronezh. Phrasemics of the Russian insular dialects in the South of Ukraine is characterized by quite transparent internal form and is a powerful translator of valuable ethnolinguocultural information, the identification and description of which can become promising for further study of insular dialects not only on the national, but also on the general Slavic background.

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ARGUMENTATION, DISTORTION, „INCOHERENCE”. REGARDING SPANISH PAREMIOLOGIC PATTERNS STRUCTURED AROUND CERTAIN RELIGIOUS TERMS

Author(s): Dana-Luminița Teleoacă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 34/2023

The analysis that we propose in this research provides a series of arguments in favour of the fact that the Spanish paremiologic discourse (patterns with religious terms) represent an organic discourse, within which the redundancies, the inconsistencies or/and the ignorance of the sender are far from defining themselves as essential coordinates of articulating this type of literature. Thus, in the case of several of the discussed patterns, the explanatory sequence doesn’t have the attribute of redundancy, the analysed distortive elements revealing in particular the intentional and, at a much lower degree, the ignorance of the popular creator. In this context, even the potential inconsistencies are questionable, many of the antagonistic phrastic variants proving themselves to be, at a closer look, pseudo antagonisms/false antagonistic structures.

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Daniela Gheltofan, Mic dicționar de cuvinte-realia rusești și corespondențele lor lexico-frazeologice românești

Author(s): Richard Sârbu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

Review of: Daniela Gheltofan, Mic dicționar de cuvinte-realia rusești și corespondențele lor lexico-frazeologice românești, Timișoara: Editura Mirton, 2021, 197 p., ISBN 978-973-52-2006-8

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Wpływy czeskie w kształtowaniu się polskich wykładników intensyfikacji

Author(s): Barbara Mitrenga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 75/2019

The article describes Polish exponents of intensification of Czech origin. The detailed analysis includes intensifiers which are equivalents of Old Bohemian přieliš, i.e. bezlisz, brzezlisz, przelisz, przezlisz and przylisz, the expression na porząd and the unit wielmi. The paper focuses on their origin, meaning, text frequency, scope of use in ancient texts and functioning in the history of Polish. The analysis shows that the above-mentioned Bohemisms existed mainly in Old Polish and in the 16th century, which was a time when the Polish literature was developing under the Czech influence. The influence of the Czech language on the development of Polish exponents of intensification was not strong. This is evidenced by the low frequency of the analyzed forms in the few monuments of the Polish language of that period.

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Strukturalna analiza dowcipu – o modelu izotopijno-dysjunkcyjnym Salvatore Attardy z perspektywy kilku dekad

Author(s): Anna Krasowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 78/2022

The paper critically discusses the isotopy-disjunction model (IDM) developed by Salvatore Attardo for the analysis of verbal and referential jokes. We present the main assumptions of the IDM model, focusing on issues such as isotopy, isotopy triggers and narrative functions. The paper also addresses subsequent attempts to develop the IDM model, including the present author’s proposal to increase the number of triggers.

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Pragmalinguistische Analyse von Blick-Phraseologismen in neuphilologischen und medizinischen Wissenschaftstexten des Deutschen

Author(s): Joanna Targońska / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2022

This article is devoted to the phraseology of scientific German. It aims to analyse and describe the use of phrasemes with the component Blick in German scientific texts from a range of humanities disciplines and medical sciences. Based on corpus research, the analysis reveals which types of phrasemes with the component in question occur in medical scientific texts and which of them belong to general scientific German, occurring in texts in a variety of scientific fields. In the article, the meanings of the examined phrasemes in scientific language are provided and their pragmatic potential is discussed. In addition, the examined phrasemes are analysed in a selection of general and phraseological dictionaries and some recommendations for updating or altering lexicographic entries are provided.

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O wyrazie bestseller w polszczyźnie: częstotliwość, znaczenie, konteksty użycia

Author(s): Marcin Zabawa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The aim of the present paper is to analyze the English borrowing bestseller used in Polish. The first part of the article provides a description of meanings and the frequency of use of the form bestseller in the source language, i.e. English; then, analysis of the frequency of use of the word bestseller in Polish is provided and definitions of the word available in Polish dictionaries are analyzed. The paper essentially focuses on discussing new contexts of use of the word in question, presented against the background of dictionary definitions (in both Polish and English dictionaries), and illustrated with numerous examples, taken primarily from the Internet. The article shows that although the word under scrutiny was initially used mainly with reference to books (and later also music and films), now it significantly expanded its scope and appears in various contexts, such as those connected with food in restaurants, hotel rooms or dance lessons. The final part of the article is devoted to normative assessment of the word bestseller in Polish: it does not pose any problems in connection with morphology, but it is not always the most appropriate form in a given context. It seems that sometimes marketing and advertising needs, rather than purely semantic ones, are given priority.

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On the perception of science by Poles: corpus-based descriptive study of public consultation data

Author(s): Małgorzata Dzimińska,Łukasz Grabowski,Aneta Krzewińska,Izabela Warwas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This descriptive study, conducted using corpus linguistic research methods, examines the ways the Polish public perceives science. Starting from selected assumptions of Critical Discourse Analysis and the Linguistic Picture of the World, whereby language is seen primarily as a social practice and as a carrier of knowledge, opinions, beliefs and attitudes, we analyse the data obtained during public consultations on science communication which were held in 2019 in Poland, as part of the CONCISE project. The combined quantitative and qualitative analyses focus on selected collocations of a high-frequency noun nauka (‘science’) and aim to identify patterns of reference and agency within the discourse. The findings revealed citizens’ expectations concerning science, including its clarity, accessibility, understandability, visibility and credibility.

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Wariantywne wyrażenie dziesiąta, dziewiąta, siódma, piąta itp. woda na, po kisielu w słownikach i w tekstach

Author(s): Jolanta Ignatowicz-Skowrońska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The research on the title expression was inspired by its semantic actualizations which come unnoted in majority of latest language dictionaries but are found in contemporary texts. The objective was to prove the thesis that in the contemporary Polish language the unit expands its real reference and takes on new meanings – this was done by the analysis of its notation in lexicographical collections and its use in old and contemporary Polish. The findings show that the title unit has had two shades of meaning – ‘very distant relative’ and ‘loose relationship of something with something’. The latter has been inconsistently noted in dictionaries, exemplified by one quote only and has not entered majority of lexicographical collections. The research proved also that the expression was subject to various modifications which made it a multiform unit whose components undergo semantization in certain actualizations. Certain formal transformations of the unit, namely the alternation of isomorphic components and prepositions like the change of preposition ‘na’ for preposition ‘po’ (… woda na kisielu → … woda po kisielu) facilitated the arising of new motivation of the phraseological unit which appeared in Polish as a borrowing.

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Anna Rudyk: Zwroty adresatywne w języku polskim i rosyjskim. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Author(s): Agnieszka Gasz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

Review of: Anna Rudyk: Zwroty adresatywne w języku polskim i rosyjskim. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Rzeszów 2021, ss. 254

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