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Agencija za lekove i medicinska sredstva je vakcinu protiv COVID19 uvrstila u listu humanih lekova i to je pozitivno. Predstavnici Agencije su se u prethodnih nedelju dana povremeno obraćali javnosti, što je takođe korak napred – imajući u vidu da ova institucija jedina nosi teret garancije za bezbednost svih vakcina koje će biti odobrene u Srbiji.
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Sudeći po ponašanju državnih institucija, Romi i beskućnici (kojih je po popisu iz 2011. bilo skoro 20.000) prirodno su otporni na Covid-19 – nisu im deljene maske, sapuni, sredstva za dezinfekciju, mnogi nisu imali pristup vodi, a vrata većine prihvatilištva bila su zaključana. Govori Danilo Ćurčić iz Inicijative za ekonomska i socijalna prava A 11. Razgovor vodi Svetlana Lukić.
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Ministar za socijalna pitanja i Krizni štab su još pre 8 meseci odlučili da više od 23.000 ljudi smeštenih u staračkim domovima i raznim ustanovama socijalne zaštite zatvore u sobe i hodnike, i da ih ne puštaju dok ne prođe pandemija. Ti zatočenici i u tzv. normalnim okolnostima često žive u toliko lošim uslovima da je neophodno proveravati da li su izloženi „zanemarivanju, zlostavljanju, nečovečnom postupanju, torturi“. Nevladinim organizacijama koje se bave zaštitom prava ovih ljudi, a sada i Zaštitniku građana zabranjeno je da ulaze u ove ustanove. Govori Lazar Stefanović, saradnik Inicijative za prava osoba sa mentalnim invaliditetom (MDRI) i doktorand na Bečkom univerzitetu. Razgovor vodi Svetlana Lukić.
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Informal care comprises unpaid care services provided in the private sphere of the home, as part of pre-existing relationships with relatives, spouses, friends or neighbours. Informal care is often the only form of long-term care which many persons in need of care can access at all, and is a significant, and internationally increasingly widespread component of long-term care.ii As the formal long-term care system in Bosnia and Herzegovina is underdeveloped and plagued with many shortcomings, primarily manifested in the form of limited access to services and insufficient allowances for the users, the burden of caring for care-dependent persons has been shifted for the most part into the sphere of informal care. Yet informal carers are completely neglected in long-term care policies and receive no support – whether in the form of services or financial compensation – to make the task of providing care easier or improve the informal carers’ well-being.
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Through the system of lessons identified, those features can be identified that have the potential to make the work of security organisations more effective. In this context, a viable lessons learned system has been adapted and implemented at NATO level and has become a fundamental strategic component of the management system responsible for organisational development. The implementation of the Lessons Learned System at the level of the Ministry of Internal Affairs arose also from the need to have a mechanism that would allow the transfer of knowledge in an efficient and rapid way to all staff, against the background of a particular staff dynamic, the model being mainly the one adopted at NATO level that has proven successful over time. The lessons learnt system at Ministry of Internal Affairs level has been institutionally adapted from the one developed at NATO level, which was previously taken over also by the Ministry of National Defence. Lessons learned implemented on the basis of the NATO model are of value through their use in: the planning of actions carried out by military organisations and those responsible for maintaining, ensuring and restoring public order; ensuring interoperability between the structures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of National Defence; the development of operational, procedural and technical standards; the field of logistical procurement; the field of education.
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It is known that threats, risks and dangers have transnational valences, so that what happens externally can have rapid consequences in the internal plan of national security, generating effects in the plan of regional and even global security. In Romania, the national system for ensuring public order includes the whole formed by legislation, public administration authorities and bodies, specially created and trained forces and resources, which act to guarantee the rights and freedoms of citizens, the protection of public and private property and the normal functioning of the rule of law. In this article I highlighted the fact that the new emerging risks and threats force the managerial system to adapt and find the most appropriate methods that allow it to act proactively in order to reduce potential events with an impact on public order and national security.
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We chose this subject because we believe it represents a head topic for public order activity, especially regarding law enforcement. In the content of the article, we decided to approach some of the similarities in the provisions of the Criminal Code, Law no. 61/1991, respectively Law no. 4/2008.Analyzing the normative framework from the perspective of law enforcement by public order bodies, certain existing challenges can be found during the execution of the missions in terms of the legal framing of the facts, respectively risks that fall on the erroneous application of a misdemeanor punishment for committing an act of a criminal nature. At the same time, it was analysed the managing of a specific case in the sports environment by the bodies empowered to apply sanctions or to ascertain the commission of the act (eg: the statements of former coach Oprița Daniel from the fall of 2022, in the context of confrontations between the gendarmes and CSA Steaua supporters which resulted in acts of violence).
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Through this paper, a brief analysis of the labor relationships of public officials was intended. Different political systems around the world have led to various employment relationships in the public service. While employees in some countries have the right to collectively bargain, regarding the legal employment relationship of public officials in Romania, they cannot negotiate the rights and obligations that make up the content of the employment relationship, nor can they modify them later, as the decision belongs to the public authority or institution where they work. Therefore, the modification of employment relationships is the result of the unilateral manifestation of will by the public institution, which has the right to withdraw or confer responsibilities. The article falls under the section "Personal Safety and Building Social Capital" since it addresses the obligation to understand the relationships that arise with the acquisition of the status of an employee in the public sector. These relationships come with obligations and rights that generate certain responsibilities for the public official. Therefore, public officials must have a clear understanding of their employment relationship to perform their duties correctly and uphold the principles of labor.
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Nowadays, worldwide, there is a major increase in losses caused by natural disasters, in a situation where the frequency of occurrence of destructive natural phenomena is relatively constant. It can be said that we are still powerless in the face of natural disasters and that we have to learn to live permanently and consciously with the risk of producing such destructive phenomena. Reducing the vulnerability of urban communities to disasters is a complex process and requires an integrated approach involving prevention, preparedness and emergency response measures. This is also a major concern in disaster risk management. Urban communities are exposed to a range of disaster risks, such as earthquakes, floods, fires, storms and heat waves, and these can have serious consequences for people's lives, the environment and Property.There are a number of measures that can be taken to reduce the vulnerability of urban communities to disasters, as follows:• Identification and assessment of risks specific to the community• Sustainable urban planning• Making investments in infrastructure• Early warning systems• Educating and informing the community• Development and implementation of evacuation plans• Development of a communication network• Preparing the population to respond in case of emergencyBy taking such measures, urban communities can become more resilient to disasters and better prepared to deal with emergencies.The negative effects generated by disasters should rather be seen as an opportunity for the initiation of regional sustainable development programs. Rather, disasters should be seen as an opportunity to implement profound social and economic change.
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In the hydraulic calculation of an IG 541 extinguishing system, we can distinguish the evolution of several physical quantities, within the dimensionally configured installation, such as pressure, flow rate, temperature. In a non-compliant hydraulic calculation, we can identify several errors. These calculation errors, but also the use of non-compliant materials, because of wrong calculations, can lead to critical situations. Considering that the IG 541 inert gas extinguishing installations are intended for the protection of vitally vulnerable spaces, such as mobile telecommunications centers, control units, banking centers, museums, archives and many such spaces, the requirements must be considered regarding the continuity of the activity, and the calculation errors must be zero.
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The article describes a simulation of a fire in a plastic and polypropylene storage warehouse using Pyrosim software. The warehouse has a 40 cm thick concrete floor and is 34.02 m long, 23.73 m wide, and 8.38 m high. Temperature distribution during the fire was monitored using vertical and horizontal temperature plans. The highest temperature of 1020°C was recorded in the vertical plan passing through the fire, and at a height of 1.7 meters, the temperature reached 120°C, making it difficult for firefighters to enter the storage area. Finally, the article highlights the importance of an automatic sprinkler extinguishing system to prevent explosions and rapid fire spread throughout the warehouse.
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In the event of a fire involving radioactive materials, the burning of these materials can lead to the release of radioactive gases, which can spread into the atmosphere and be inhaled by humans, posing risks to their health. The purpose of detecting radionuclides is to identify their presence in various media, such as water, air or soil, in order to evaluate their impact on human health and the environment, and to ensure a safe working and living environment for people. Radionuclide detection can also be used to assess the effectiveness of radiation protection and control measures. A specially designed computer system for calculating the release rate of radionuclides can ensure that radionuclide emissions are maintained at acceptable levels, and that any incidents or accidental releases are detected and reported in a timely manner, ensuring a high level of safety and protection for people and the environment. Keywords: radionuclides, release rate, dispersion, half-life, fire.
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The paper analyses the main factors that cause fires in vehicles. The paper also aims to present two particular cases in which fires in ambulances had unusual causes. The analysis of common causes of vehicle fires and unusual causes will highlight a number of relevant conclusions regarding the circumstances of vehicle fires and a number of measures to be taken to reduce the risk of vehicle fires.
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The presentation contains an analysis and conclusions regarding the synchronization of national legislation with that of the European Union (EU) regarding the processing of personal data in connection with police registration. Proposals have also been made to change the legal basis.
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According to the Ministry of Finance, by the end of 2022, the uninsured population in the country will exceed 700 000 Bulgarians or 12% of the population subject to compulsory health insurance. The aim of the present study is to analyse the available data according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 nosological classification. Gender, age group, reasons for admission to the clinic, duration of hospitalizations, cost of treatment of uninsured persons hospitalized in the Emergency Toxicology Clinic of the Hospital of the Medical University of Sofia, MMA, in the period 2020-2023 were taken into account. The subject of the study are intoxications caused by abuse of psychoactive substances (PAS), which is a significant social and health problem.
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Different areas serve as sources of pension protection for the citizens of the European Union. Along with pensions from public systems, capital pensions are playing an increasing role. Financial institutions-providers of pension savings products operate on a different business model. This diversity makes it difficult for the saver to make a decision and is an obstacle to the development of the pension protection. The pension tracking system is seen as a mechanism for achieving a more efficient market for pension products. The report examines the development of this instrument in the European Union. We are looking for answers to questions about the possible application in Bulgaria and other countries. The analysis concludes that the pension tracking system is a necessary set of measures that would be a prerequisite for improving the well-being of the savers.
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The report provides an overview of the emergence of voucher systems for employment in Belgium, France and Canton Geneva (Switzerland), the specifics of their application in each of these countries, the problems that this type of employment solves, as well as its weaknesses, its interdependence with the so-called domestic workers. Outlines the place for its‘ regulation according to the Employment Strategy of the Republic of Bulgaria 2021-2030 to other forms of flexibility as a prerequisite for economic growth. Points to its inevitable interconnection as attypical employment also with the principle of non165 discrimination and the need to transpose Directive No 2023/970 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 May 2023. to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay for women and men for equal work or work of equal value, through pay transparency and enforcement mechanisms.
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Informal employment and envelope wages are still part of the economic reality of the Republic of Moldova. This is manifested by the fact that almost every 4th employed person works informally. Societal perceptions of envelope wages point to around 30 percent of the labour remuneration fund, and as a result the revenue lost to the public budget exceeds 7 percent of GDP. From a self-interest point of view, it suits both employees (desire for higher income, people's distrust of the social contract, perceptions regarding the quality of public services) and companies (permanence of cash flows, perceptions regarding high compliance costs, low costs of non-compliance). The low costs of non-compliance are also due to the fact that the State Labour Inspectorate (SLI) has no real leverage to fight informal work. This institution may not carry out unannounced checks and may not impose any penalty, which is also in contradiction with the international conventions of the World Labour Organization to which the Republic of Moldova is a party. Thus, the analysis addresses institutional vulnerabilities in countering undeclared and under-declared work and the provisions of the ongoing reform of the State Labour Inspectorate. At the same time, recommendations for the successful and impactful implementation of the given reform are presented.
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The government’s decision in 2017 to embark upon a programme to build housing for members of the security forces was followed by the adoption of a “special law” that governs the implementation of this programme somewhat differently to existing regulations.The government’s decision was not properly justified: either in terms of considering the various financial approaches to solving the same problem, or from the point of view of legal proceedings.A special law was passed in Serbia to legislate construction of government-subsidised flats across Serbia, which employees in the security forces would buy under standard market prices. The government has justified this legislative approach by calling upon national security. However, the Government’s decision to address the housing needs of security sector employees in this way and not through some other measures, was not properly justified. The special law has foreseen numerous deviations from the public procurement legislation for the sake of urgency, but in practice, there have been significant delays in the project implementation. Also, by comparing initial announcements and actual contract values, it could be estimated that the project costs would be up to 20% higher than was envisaged at the beginning. Procurement of construction services was marred by insufficient transparency and dubious phenomena such as discriminatory capacity requirements from bidders and low competition.
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Many Serb returnees in Klina face unresolved property and compensation issues, such as taxation during displacement, lack of documentation, and exclusion from privatized employment opportunities. Despite financial and infrastructural support from local and international institutions, high unemployment and limited Albanian engagement hinder sustainable return. However, projects like the repatriation to Klinavac, supported by dialogue and investments, have shown promise, with returnees reporting positive interethnic relations and improved living conditions.
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