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Jozef Marušiak is one of the most distinguished translators of Polish literature into Slovak. The scope of his work is extraordinarily wide. In this paper his most important translations and translation areas are presented in order to show how the picture of the Polish literature in Slovakia has been affected and formed by his work.
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In 1999 novelist Breda Smolnikar was sued for defamation in her novel Ko setam gori olistajo breze (When the Birches Up There Are Greening) by certain family Nakrst. Smolnikar received broad public support. In public defence different arguments were in play, the most frequent were trying to prove that the novel does not speak about the family Nakrst because (a) all literature is fiction and all literary characters are fictional beings; (b) similarity between literary character and a real person is always a coincidence; (c) all literature is a possible world and refers to people’s counterparts which are connected to real people only by transworld identity relation. In the article I try to show that these arguments are false: (a, b) literature sometimes refers to real people and thus the question whether a certain character is fictitious or real is an empirical question and not a question of poetic principle, can in the case of Smolnikar be resolved empirically (she published all judicia ldocumentation with detailed descriptions of the family Nakrst); c) the possible world argument is contradictory because it blends two opposite interpretations of possible worlds (the Transworld identity interpretation and the Counterpart interpretation). Dealing with these arguments I define fiction as follows: a) literary work becomes work of fiction when it contains at least one fictional being; b) Fictional being is a non-existent being which is intentionally created as such; c) whether or not a character is fictional is on author to decide (not the reader). In B.Smolnikar’s case the similarities between characters and the portrayed family are so numerous that no coincidence is possible. In the year 2007 Slovene Constitutional Court decided that the defamation was not deliberate and Smolnikar was declared innocent.
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The author focuses on the life and fate of a lesser known Slovenian poet Fran Valenčič (1878-1916), a contemporary of the main representatives of the Slovenian modernist poetry. He explores the poet's contacts ivith the greatest Slovenian writers of the time (Cankar, Kette, etc.), his activities in thè literary field (including thè works published in literary magazines), his retreat into private life, and tragic death during World War I in the ranks of the Austro-Hungarian Army. The author tries to explain the role he had in certain literary circles in a specific period and partly also the reasons why the poet has not become more distinctively recognised in a wider social context.
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Slovenian literature in Austria represents a case of multiculturality, but most of the time, biculturality and interculturality. The researchers claim that this type of literature belongs to Slovenian as well as to contemporary Austria nor German literature. It discusses and linguistically reflects on both cultural-historical environments. The literary translations show that the Slovenian literature in Austria has a double, Slovenian-German identity
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Objavljamo dva odlomka iz spominov Rajka Mullerja in Janeza Vipotnika, ki opisujeia napad na fašistično postojanko Dob na Dolenjskem 26. decembra 1942. leta. Opozarjamo bralce, naj preberejo še odlomek iz Šaranovičevega poročila v 5. knjigi VI. dela Zbornika dokumentov in podatkov o narodnoosvobodilnem boju jugoslovanskih narodov, in brošuro »Dob — fašistov grob¬«, ki jo je 1943. leta izdalo Glavno poveljstvo Slovenske narodnoosvobodilne vojske in partizanskih odredov. [...]
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The paper deals with the problem of encoding the verses and textual variants in the critical edition of Foglar’s Manuscript, a Styrian Baroque hymn book from the mid-eighteenth century. We first show the diplomatic transcript of the verse in selected problematic cases, after which we present the method applied to produce a critical apparatus for approaching textual variants. The base text, i.e. Foglar’s Manuscript, is compared with versions in eight other manuscripts and prints from the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Variants are encoded with XML elements according to the TEI Guidelines as units of the critical apparatus. We highlight some examples of the detailed encoding of rhymes, feet, verse replacements, and textual variants on the spelling, vocabulary and lexical levels of the language. To conclude, we present a number of possibilities for the online display of the electronic diplomatic transcript. The need for the adaptability of these tools to the Slovenian literary tradition is evident.
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L’articolo si propone di delineare lo stato degli studi imagologici di frontiera analizzando due sistemi letterari che nascono e si sviluppano nello stesso luogo, ma in due lingue diverse: la letteratura italiana e quella slovena in una città che è l’emblema dell’incontro tra le due etnie, cioè Trieste. Dopo un’introduttiva riflessione metodologica sulle letterature comparate e sul metodo imagologico, verranno presi in considerazione soprattutto quegli autori triestini lungo tutto l’arco del 20° secolo che riflettono nelle loro opere letterarie l’incontro con il vicino, concittadino nella stessa città, ma di lingua e cultura diversa. Saranno messe in risalto alcune considerazioni di tipo storico-letterario che rispecchiano l’ambiente multiculturale di Trieste e il dialogo tra le sue due identità.
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The German occupation of a part of Slovenian territory in April 1941 meant a breaking point in the lives of many people. Among the victims there were also Slovene authors. First, the Nazis established migration headquarters in Maribor and subordinate agencies to organise deportations; later, they established assembly camps in different places in Lower Styria. In Maribor they reorganised a part of the barracks in Melje into a camp. They were brought to different locations in Serbia, some also in Croatia.
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Avtorica se v kulturnozgodovinski študiji ukvarja z nastankom in simbolnimi branji romana Antona Ingoliča Na splavih med drugo svetovno vojno in tik po njej. Leta 1940 izdano delo tematizira splavarstvo na Dravi, ki je Ingoliča vznemirjalo že kot mariborskega dijaka. Pisatelj in učitelj na Ptuju se je leta 1937 med šolskimi počitnicami pod krinko flosarja (splavarja) pridružil dravskim splavarjem na enomesečni poti od Brezna nad Mariborom do hrvaškega Vukovarja, kjer je dodobra spoznal življenje in delo splavarjev, ki so po reki prevažali les. Zlasti se je posvečal socialnemu položaju flosarjev, ki so bili pogosto odvisni od samovolje lastnikov splavov. Ingolič je bil ob nemški okupaciji leta 1941 kot slovenski izobraženec že v prvem valu izseljen v Srbijo, kljub temu je njegov roman leta 1943 izšel v nemščini pod naslovom Die Drauflösser pri dunajski založbi Wiener Verlag, kar je bila sijajna gesta upora založnikov proti germanizacijskemu diktatu nemškega rajha, a tudi tiha zmaga izgnanega pisatelja.
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After a brief presentation of imagology as a field of contemporary comparative literature, the paper critically analyses the image of Bulgarians in the poem cycle Rapsodije bolgarskega goslarja (1902) by Slovenian poet Anton Aškerc (1856–1912). This cycle of thirteen poems deals with the liberation struggle of the Bulgarians from the Turks. The Bulgarian translations of the poems received a relatively extensive reception, which was not true of the original version in Slovenia. The present paper attempts to demonstrate the origin and function of the image of Bulgarians as representatives of a foreign nation or as the Other in the intercultural transfer of Aškerc’s cycle. From an imagological perspective, it sheds light on the social and cultural processes in which the poet’s image of the Foreign was formed.Keywords: image, drawing, text, manuscript, creative process
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Josip Osti, Slovene-Bosnian poet, writer and translator was born in Sarajevo in Bosnia and currently lives in Tomaj and Ljubljana in Slovenia. He started writing poetry and prose in Slovene after having created an impressive literary opus in his mother tongue, Bosnian/Croatian. How does such a language shift influence his poetic style? The article wishes to explore how interculturalism and interlingualism at the experential level, with the intertwining of feelings of war and peace, the past and the future, memory and hope, is reflected in his language of poetry, written in Slovene. The article compares his first love poetry, written in Bosnian, with his later love poetry written in Slovene, and tries to establish if language affects the author’s literary perspective, and if, in what way. Using an interdisciplinary approach, i.e. the approach of literary theory and intercultural pragmatics, the analysis of the literary discourse of this bilingual and intercultural writer will help reveal the rules of the language and culture contact at the individual level in the creative process in a literary field that is almost entirely determined by language and its culture.
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Review of: Brane Senegačnik: Tijela tišine (sa slovenskoga preveo Božidar Brezinščak Bagola, ciklus Melankolija prevela Sanja Sirec Rovis), Biblioteka Poezija, Litteris, Zagreb, 2019.
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Review of: Brane Senegačnik: Tijela tišine (sa slovenskog preveo Božidar Brezinščak Bagola, ciklus Melankolija, prevela Sanja Sirec Rovis), Biblioteka Poezija, Litteris, Zagreb, 2019.
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Review of: Milan Jazbec “The Shining Star with The Lions Mane”, Matica Makedonska & Forma 7, Skopje and Ljubljana, Collection Odyssey, I – VIII.
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Primož Trubar is a pioneer of Protestantism and the father of the Slovenian written word. He is the truest bearer of progress and the founder of Slovenian literature and written language. His name is full of symbolism: Primus literally means »first«, while Trubar comes from the archaic profession of herald trumpeteers. He was, after all, a messenger of the transformation in the soul of Evangelism and of the Slovenian cultural independence.
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Slovenian writer Janez Trdina spent part of his life on Croatian territory. He published his memories of that period in the book Bach's Hussars and Illyrians: memories from my years as a professor in Croatia. The article examines Croatian-Slavic relations in Croatian territories during the period of Bach's absolutism on the basis of Trdina's memories, which he described primarily in the aforementioned book. In the observed period, Trdina writes about the current state of education and state services in general, about the state of society, but also about the identities of prominent Slovenes and Croats and their mutual relations. Analysis of the relationships described suggests that one of Trdina's main concerns is the focus on language issues, which manifests itself in the emphasized Germanization and in the way the Slovenian and Croatian populations respond to it. Depending on how the individual, Slovene or Croat, deals with the aforementioned issue, conclusions are drawn about the identity of the individual, which point to the identity of the entire nation. Based on the fact that every literary work presupposes an implicit audience with which the author communicates, the conclusions of the paper, based on the theory of reception, show that the national issue was extremely important for the Slavic population living in the Croatian territories during the observed period of Bach's absolutism, but still show differences in the perception of issues of language and public service, considering the prevailing attitudes of Slovenes and Croats. Although Janez Trdina's observed work is a subjective experience of a particular historical period, the specifics of Trdina's identity as a Slovene who lived and worked in Croatian territories at the time of Germanization and the influx of Illyrian ideas can be reconstructed from his statements. As a writer who is aware of the influence of literature on the literary public, he has tried with his works to make as many people as possible think about the current situation in the Croatian territories, and he has left behind a literary document that, in addition to his life, can also shed light on a part of the history that Trdina witnessed.
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The main aim of this article is to present the methods in which Slovenian myths of Romantic provenience, present in France Prešeren’s poetry, are deconstructed since the fifties of nineteenth century. Prešeren (1800−1849) is regarded as the national poet, who enabled the Slovenian community and competed with the canon of European literature. Parallelly to the process of his canonization occurred the reverse of it, The Anxiety of Influence, described by Harold Bloom. Poets Simon Jenko (1835−1869) and Oton Župančič (1878−1949) had been deconstructing the myths of Romantic love, mythical conception of poetry, poets and nation in the period of realism and modernism, as well as the poet Veno Taufer in the period of neo-avantgarde (1933−). The intertextual analysis of their poems shows several ways of contesting the influence of the main topics and aesthetic codes from Prešeren’s poetry, determined by the role of poetry in Slovenian culture, described in the late sixties of twentieth century as Prešeren structure.
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This article is dedicated to an analysis of the novel of diplomacy, titled “The Rainbow Beyond the Soul”, written by Milan Jazbec, from a diplomatic point of view. The main protagonist of the novel is a Slovenian ambassador, who, in addition to a successful career in diplomacy, turns out to be equally successful in literature, thus being author of six novels. The analysis of the novel begins with the specification of the key characteristics of the profession of diplomacy and diplomatic protocol. Secondly, the ambassador’s personality is described, as an attempt to better understand the importance and challenges of working at the United Nations, the way how careful a diplomat should be in communication, but also another issue that has an impact on the diplomat’s profession, which is the marital status. In the end, it is explained how the ambassador reaches the grand stages of the Nobel Prize, but not for peace, but for literature, thanks to his novel “The Face Without Mirror”, whose successes had exceeded his expectations.
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The aim of this paper is to investigate the problem of reception of Slovenian children’s literature in Poland between 1990 and 2020. The author notices the fact that Polish translations of Slovenian children’s prose are very rare on the Polish book market. The author notices a complete lack of Polish translations of Slovenian children’s literature in the years 1990—2010, which was caused probably by societal and cultural factors, which changed after 2010.
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The article presents considerations on the role and activities of the translator in a Polish-Slovenian intercultural dialogue. In addition to translating works, translators from peripheral languages engage (to a greater or lesser extent) in various translation-related activities. This also applies to translators of Slovenian literature in Poland. Their role as cultural intermediaries, ambassadors, animators and literary agents becomes important. The article uses the theory of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, which is helpful in describing the complex interaction of various social and cultural realities.
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